Water requirement and supply and irrigation schedule formulation for maize in western Heilongjiang Province
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Abstract:
Frequent drought events threaten the agricultural water cycle and food security in western Heilongjiang Province.Understanding the water supply-requirement relationship is vital to the exploration of drought mechanisms.The reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0),crop water requirement (ETc) and irrigation water requirement (Ir) during the maize growth period were calculated and irrigation schedules were formulated by the FAO-56single crop coefficient method.The water requirement deficit or surplus of maize was analyzed with the crop water surplus deficit index (CW).The results showed that ET0 and ETc decreased,while effective precipitation (Pe),Ir,and CW displayed an increasing trend in the maize growth period in western Heilongjiang Province from 1960 to 2015.The average ET0,ETc,Pe,and Ir were 639.64,438.13,224.40,and 273.87 mm,respectively.Drought conditions varied in different hydrological years,and it was challenging for Pe to meet maize ETc.Therefore,irrigation schedules were formulated for different hydrological years.The average net irrigation quotas of rainy year,normal year,dry year and extremely dry year were 152.43,236.33,276.53,and 353.47 mm,respectively.Analyzing the water requirement deficit or surplus of maize helps better understand the effect of drought on agricultural development.
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