Characteristics of the flood peak discharge change of the mainstream of Huaihe River
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Abstract:
The Huaihe River is a seventh major river,located in eastern China.The major floods in 1954,1991,2003,and 2007 had seriously endangered the lives and property of the people in the Huaihe River basin.The Huaihe River basin in Anhui Province had flooded areas exceeding 1 million hm2.The average annual flood disaster area in 61 years was 217,200 hm2,accounting for 5% of the cultivated land area in 2010.To reduce the flood disaster loss,19 Huaihe River control projects were carried out from 1991 to 2007,and 38 major tasks for the Huaihe River control were completed from 2013 to 2017.The flood control and disaster reduction work in the Huaihe River basin has made renowned achievements and produced tremendous results.Floods in the mainstream of the Huaihe River lasted for a long time with large volume,frequent flood disasters occurred in the basin.Under the influence of climate change and human activities,the flood characteristics of the mainstream of the Huaihe River have changed to varying degrees.The analysis of the characteristics of flood changes in the mainstream of the Huaihe River can provide an important basis for the flood control planning and is of great significance. Based on the four hydrological stations (Wangjiaba,Lutaizi,Wujiadu,and Xiaoliuxiang),the annual maximum peak discharge sequence was used to study the objectives using the Kendall ranking test,Spearman ranking test,linear trend regression test,and MannKendall test,sequential cluster,rank-sum test,wavelet analysis to analyze the trend,sudden change and periodic change of the flood series of typical stations on the mainstream of the Huaihe River.The final results are as follows: The annual maximum peak discharge rate of Wangjiaba station is -33.08 m3/(s·a),Kendall ranking test value is 1.31<1.96,Spearman ranking test value is 1.23<1.64,linear trend regression test value is 1.49<1.64;the annual maximum peak discharge rate of Lutaizi station is -5.4 m3/(s·a),the Kendall ranking test value is 0.39<1.96,the Spearman ranking test value is 0.42<1.64,and the linear trend regression test value is 0.25<1.64;the annual maximum peak discharge rate of Wujiadu station is 16.88 m3/(s·a),the Kendall ranking test value is 1.84<1.96,the Spearman ranking test value is 1.66>1.64,and the linear trend regression test value is 1.05<1.64;the annual maximum peak discharge rate of the Xiaoliuxiang station is 22.24 m3/(s·a),the Kendall ranking test value is 0.44<1.96,the Spearman ranking test value is 0.44<1.64,the linear trend regression test value is 0.67<1.64,respectively.There are multiple intersections between the curves of Mann-Kendall statistical values UF and UB of the annual maximum peak discharge sequence at each station.The sequential cluster method and rank-sum test method are used to judge the mutation points.The Morlet wavelet analysis was used to analyze the periodic variation characteristics of the annual maximum peak discharge of the four hydrological stations Wangjiaba,Lutaizi,Wujiadu and Xiaoliuxiang in the Huaihe River basin,and finally the contour maps of the real part of the Morlet wavelet transform coefficients and the Morlet wavelet variance maps were completed. The results show that the annual maximum peak discharge in this area had a relatively large change,and the deviation coefficient of the upstream was generally larger than that of the downstream.The upstream sequence had a greater degree of dispersion.Among them,the Wangjiaba and Lutaizi Stations showed an insignificant downward trend,and Wujiadu and Xiaoliuxiang stations showed an insignificant upward trend.The mutation points at the Wangjiaba site were in 1985,1993 and 2010,the mutation points at the Lutaizi site were in 1957,2002 and 2014.The mutation points at the Wujiadu site were 1995,and the mutation points at the Xiaoliuxiang site were 1995.Wangjiaba Station mainly has 4 scale cycles of 3.8 a,8.14 a,14.22 a and 22.32 a.Lutaizi Station mainly has 2 scale cycles of 5.13 a and 15.32 a;Wujiadu Station mainly has 2 scale cycles of 5.18 a and 20.32 a,while Xiaoliuxiang Station mainly has 4.7 a,10.15 a and the period of the three scales of 17.25 a.
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