Influence of rough strip energy dissipator on continuous bend spillway flow characteristics
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Abstract:
Most spillways in engineering projects included several curved sections, and the water flow in the curved sections was affected by inertial and centrifugal forces, causing the water flow to gather on the concave bank and jeopardizing the spillway's security. The rough strip energy dissipators could effectively improve this phenomenon, making it important to study the flow characteristics of continuous curved spillways and the hydraulic characteristics of the rough strip energy dissipators. To explore the flow characteristics of continuous curved spillways and the hydraulic characteristics of the rough strip energy dissipators, 27 sets of orthogonal model tests were carried out. The optimal working conditions were selected by the energy dissipation rate and ultra-high variation coefficient, and the RNGk-ε turbulent flow model and volume of fluid method were combined to compare the flow characteristics of the spillway with and without the rough strip energy dissipators.The results showed that the water depth along the path increased and changed sharply due to the rough strip energy dissipators. The rough strip energy dissipators could inhibit the generation of rhomboid wave and fold flow, by improving the flow pattern in the two curved sections to enhance the water surface uniformity by 38% and 44.7%. The average longitudinal velocity in the two curved sections was reduced by 45.16% and 44.83% by the rough strip energy dissipators, and the maximum longitudinal velocity of the concave banks in the two sections moved downward along the water depth. The turbulent flow in the two curved sections intensified due to the influence of the rough strip energy dissipators, causing the average longitudinal turbulent intensity to increase by 117.98% and 71.05%, respectively. The longitudinal turbulent intensity mostly attenuated on the concave bank and increased on the convex bank, the maximum longitudinal turbulent intensity of each section of the concave bank moved upward along the water depth. The rough strip energy dissipators also increased the hydrodynamic pressure of the bed surface, reduced the pressure difference between the two sides, significantly improved the pressure distribution form, and protected the bottom plate and the side wall from erosion.Based on the research results, it could be concluded that from the perspective of water level, velocity, turbulence intensity, and hydrodynamic pressure of the bed surface, adding the rough strip energy dissipators at the bottom of the spillway continuous bend could stabilize the flow, reduce the energy and reduce the erosion of water flow on the concave bank. The research results could provide a reference for the design and safe operation of similar spillway continuous bends.
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